Phraseology with a component of names of domestic and wild animals in languages of different structure (based on Karachay-Balkar and Ingush languages)

M.Z. Ulakov, Z.Kh. Kieva, L.Kh. Makhieva

Abstract. The article is devoted to the problem of national and cultural specificity of phraseological units with the component of names of domestic and wild animals in languages of different structures. Comparative analysis of Karachay-Balkar and Ingush languages allows to reflect the unique ability of people to capture and record particular similarity, divergence between man and animal world. The work reveals features of the metaphorical use of the animal world to characterize man. The image of animals helps to create a vivid picture of human moral qualities of speakers of the studied languages. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to study phraseological units with a component of names of domestic and wild animals in Karachay-Balkar and Ingush languages ​​in order to identify common and specific features inherent in these language cultures. This is especially relevant for modern linguistics due to the small number of special studies with a comparative analysis of animalistic connotation and conceptual metaphor in languages ​​of different systems. The scientific novelty of the study is that it is an initial attempt to conduct a comparative analysis of phraseological units with a component of names of domestic and wild animals of languages ​​of different structures from the point of view of their national and cultural specificity. The article is written with the aim of conducting a comparative analysis of phraseological units, expressions, idioms with names of domestic and wild (predatory) animals based on the material of Karachay-Balkar and Ingush languages. The methodological basis of the study was theoretical works concerning classification and semantic analysis of phraseological units, which are not only fixed expressions with complicated semantics, but also units of mental representation. The emphasis is placed on the fact that phraseological units with names of domestic and wild animals contain culturally significant information, which is expressed both in the denotative and connotative aspects of meaning. The material for the study is factual material from various lexicographic sources, as well as texts from some genres of folklore, published in academic and textbook scientific publications.

Keywords: phraseological fund, phraseological unit, zoonym component, names of domestic and wild animals, animal world, connotation, metaphor, comparison, languages of different structures, Karachay-Balkar language, Ingush language

For citation. Ulakov M.Z., Kieva Z.Kh., Makhieva L.Kh. Phraseology with a component of names of domestic and wild animals in languages of different structure (based on Karachay-Balkar and Ingush languages). News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2025. Vol. 27. No. 1. Pp. 89–99. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2025-27-1-89-99