Productivity of promising varieties of grain and sugar sorghum under the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Ingushetia
M.U. Gambotova, M.A. Bazgiev, R.A. Ozdoev
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Abstract. The growth of crop production should be accompanied by an increase in the yield of agricultural cultures. This is impossible without improving the cultivation technology. These technologies must be efficient and economically feasible. The purpose of our research was to study the features of the formation of the various sorghum varieties yield. The research was carried out in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Ingushetia on the experimental field of the Ingush Research Institute of Agriculture from 2022 to 2024. This article gives a comparative assessment of the growth, development and productivity indicators of various varieties of grain and sugar sorghum. For the correct placement of varieties, their adaptive potential has been studied. In order for a variety to be able to realize itself, not only its genotype is important, but also its interaction with the environment. In our studies, we studied the biological features of the growth and development of sorghum plants, their requirements for warmth, moisture, as well as the dependence of the various sorghum varieties yield on the sowing dates. It has been established that the unfavorable conditions of the summer season of the forest-steppe zone of Ingushetia are quite favorable for the cultivation of sorghum. The optimal sowing date for the zone has been determined – the first decade of May. When sowing during this period, a more favorable temperature regime and timely passage of phases of plant development are ensured. Among the sorghum varieties that were studied, the most productive in terms of grain yield were the varieties of grain sorghum Avans and sugar sorghum Galiya, and in terms of the yield of green mass, the varieties Galia and Larets are in the lead. The introduction of these varieties into production will increase the production of feed per unit area.
Keywords: sorghum, varieties, sowing date, field germination, yield, green mass
For citation. Gambotova M.U., Bazgiev M.A., Ozdoev R.A. Productivity of promising varieties of grain and sugar sorghum under the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Ingushetia. News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2024. Vol. 26. No. 5. Pp. 160–168. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2024-26-5-160-168