Corn for grain productivity with different methods of basic cultivation  

S.A. Magomedaliev, M.R. Musaev, M.G. Abdulnatipovов

Abstract. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of different methods of primary cultivation on the grain productivity of corn. The article presents the results of a field experiment to identify the feasibility of using different methods of primary cultivation on hybrid corn crops. It was found that the maximum leaf surface area of 44.9 thousand m2 / ha was provided by corn hybrids in the variant with moldboard tillage. In the case of non-moldboard tillage, the leaf surface decreased by 4.7 %. Analysis of this indicator depending on the studied hybrids showed that the highest value (45.5 thousand m2 / ha) was noted when cultivating Mashuk 355 MV. When cultivating hybrids ROSS 299 MV, Krasnodarsky 298 MV, Krasnodarsky 427 SV, a decrease of 6.8; 2.7 and 5.3 %, respectively, was noted. The parameter of net productivity of photosynthesis on average for hybrids was maximum with moldboard tillage – 11.0 g/m2•day, which is 13.4 % more than the variant with no-moldboard tillage. This indicator was maximum for the hybrid Mashuk 355 MV – 11.6 g/m2•day, in plots with other hybrids (ROSS 299 MV, Krasnodarsky 298 MV, Krasnodarsky 427 SV) the decrease varied within 18.4; 9.4 and 22.1 %. Moldboard tillage turned out to be the most rational, where on average for hybrids the grain yield was 7.6 t/ha, the difference with the data of the variant with no-moldboard tillage was noted at the level of 10.1 %. The highest productivity in the considered conditions was provided by the hybrid Mashuk 355 MV – 8.1 t/ha. The excess in comparison with the hybrid ROSS 299 MV was 22.7%, with the data of the hybrid Krasnodar 298 MV – 9.5 %, and in comparison with Krasnodar 427 S – 19.1 %. Thus, on average, over the years of the field experiment, it was established that the corn hybrids formed the greatest efficiency against the background of the use of moldboard tillage. Among the hybrids, Mashuk 355 MV formed the greatest productivity.

Keywords: Primorsko-Caspian subprovince, corn for grain, hybrids, cultivation methods, leaf area, net photosynthetic productivity, crop yield

For citation. Magomedaliev S.A., Musaev M.R., Abdulnatipov M.G. Corn for grain productivity with different methods of basic cultivation . News of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS. 2024. Vol. 26. No. 6. Pp. 219–226. DOI: 10.35330/1991-6639-2024-26-6-219-226